Revision Breast Augmentation

Most females after their initial breast augmentation with or with out a breast lift will need revision surgery and/ or maintaince surgery in the future. There are multiple reasons why revision surgery is preformed:

1. Patient is unhappy with their initial results, size or position of implant and shape of  the breast
2. Patients that develop capsular contraction (hardening of the implant)
3. Breast droop after child birth and breast feeding.
4. Breast implant rupture
5. Patient who would like change the type of implant, silicone to saline most common.

Dr. Broujerdi has a vast amount of experience in breast augmentation revision surgery. The most important aspect of this procedure is on handling the internal and existing implant pocket. In some patients the implant pockets need to be changed or tailored into a different shape in order to prove you with a natural lifted appearance. In most cases the pre-existing incision will be used for the procedure. Dr. Broujerdi will inform you the best approach for you and don’t forget to discuss with him your desired outcome. To view before and aftrer photos click on this link.

Breast Lift (Mastopexy)

With the natural effects of childbirth or aging on the breast skin and volume lost, a woman's breasts may lose their youthful, lifted appearance. This drooping or sagging of the nipple and skin can be reversed with a Breast Lift Surgery (Mastopexy), which removes the excess skin and reconstructs the supporting structures of the breast and lifts the nipple to a higher position on the chest wall. A Breast Augmentation can also be preformed simultaneously with Mastopexy. This will give the breast a fuller appearance. Saline or silicone implants could be used as well and placed in a submuscular vs. subglandualr pocket. Please ask Dr. Broujerdi which type of implant and pocket would best suit you anatomical needs and give you a more natural appearance.

There are mainly three types of Mastopexy procedures preformed by Dr. Broujerdi based on the degree of nipple droop and skin excess. A Periareolar Mastopexy (Circumareolar) is a breast lift where the finial incision is around the Nipple Areolar Complex (NAC). This procedure is indicated when the nipple droop and skin excess is in minor to moderate degree.  A Vertical Mastopexy (Lollipop Lift), the finial incision falls around the NAC and a vertical incision from the areola down to the breast fold. A patient with moderate to sever nipple droop and excess skin would be a good candidate for this lift. A Wise Pattern Mastopexy (Anchor Lift) is a breast lift where the finial incisions are the same as a vertical lift plus an incision line along the breast fold. This lift is indicated for a patient with severe nipple droop and excess skin. Please as Dr. Broujerdi which type of breast lift would suit you the best. To view before and aftrer photos click on this link.

Breast Reduction 

Often overly large breasts are the cause of discomfort, breast fold irritation, difficulty in finding a proper fitting garment as well as back, neck, and shoulder pain will lead a woman to desire smaller breasts. With a breast reduction (reduction mammoplasty), a woman's breasts are reduced in size and the nipple and skin lifted to complement and no longer overwhelm her shape, creating a harmony between her breast and body.

In majority of breast reduction surgery where there is extreme droop of the breast, incisions are placed around the Nipple Areolar Complex (NAC), down from the areola to the breast fold and along the breast fold from side to side. This is known as the Wise Pattern Reduction or Anchor Breast Reduction. In cases where there is not excessive droop to the breast the incisions are placed around the NAC and down to the fold only. This technique is known as a Vertical Breast Reduction or Short Scar Breast Reduction. To view before and aftrer photos click on this link.

Breast Reconstruction after Mastectomy

Breast reconstruction is an operation to re-create back the shape and volume of the breast, after mastectomy (removal of a breast tissue and skin), or lumpectomy (removal of part of the breast tissue). The aim of breast reconstruction is to create a breast mound and nipple to match the remaining natural breast as closely as possible in staged surgical manor. This can either be done by creating a breast 'form' with a tissue expander and replacement with a implant, which is placed underneath the skin and muscle that covers your chest, or by using skin, fat and sometimes muscle from another part of your body.

Dr. Broujerdi will advise you on the type of reconstruction that is most suitable for you. It will depend on:

1. the amount of breast tissue that will or has been removed
2. the healthiness of the tissue at the planned operation site
3. whether or not you will have or have had radiation therapy to the area of the breast or chest wall
4. your general health and body build
5. your wishes and lifestyle
6. what the other breast looks like

Dr. Broujerdi will work very closely with your oncological surgeon and physician. He will plan out the reconstruction that will best suit your medical and physiological needs.

Reconstructive Surgery of Congenital Breast Deformity

Birth defects of the breast tissue have a sever impact on the psychological development of a young female patient. There are now improved techniques and better quality of implants for reconstruction. Dr. Broujerdi has a vast experience in helping patients with congenital breast anomalies such as, Poland Syndrome, Tuberous breast deformity, congenital chest wall deformity. The best time to correct such deformity would be after puberty and growth of the breast tissue at around 16 to 18 years of age, unless there is a severe psychological necessity.

Poland’s Syndrome is an uncommon birth defect characterized by underdevelopment or absence of the breast, chest muscle (pectoralis) rib cage, arm bone (radius), the thumb, and webbing of the fingers (syndactyl). The right side (twice as common) of body is most commonly affected and found three times more in males than females. The incidence is estimated to range from one in 7,000 to one in 100,000 live births. The cause of Poland syndrome is unknown. However, an interruption of the embryonic blood supply to the chest and upper extremity has been theorized. Most common presented case only effects the development of the breast.

Breast augmentation is usually  preformed in two stages or as a single procedure depending on the extent of the deformity. Tissue expanders are placed under the skin muscle flap and once the desired volume and shape of the breast are achieved the tissue expanders are replaced with breast implants. The opposite breast is usually operated on as well either with a breast lift or breast lift and implant.

Tuberous Breast Deformity is not simply small or underdeveloped breasts, but they are constricted and develop into a tube shape or  form a tube like structure. The effect of the deformity on the appearance of the breast can range from mild to severe, and typical characteristics include: enlarged, puffy nipple areolar complex, unusually wide spacing between the breasts, constricted small breast tissue, sagging, higher than normal breast fold, and narrow base at the chest wall. The condition can affect the ability of women to breastfeed as in some cases the breasts, including the milk glands, have not developed enough to produce breast milk.

Breast augmentation is usually  preformed in two stages or as a single procedure depending on the extent of the deformity. Tissue expanders are placed under the subglandular or submuscular pockets and once the desired volume and shape of the breast are achieved the tissue expanders are replaced with breast implants preferably silicone and internally the breast are reshaped and the nipple areolar complex is decreased in size.

Chest Wall Deformity, Pectus Excavatum (hollows chest) is the most common congenital deformity of the anterior chest wall, in which the ribs and the sternum grow abnormally. It can either be present at birth or not develop until puberty. Pectus Carinatum, (pigeon chest) is a deformity of the chest characterized by a protrusion of the sternum and ribs. It is the opposite of pectus excavatum.

The breasts usually are effecter as well with less volume development. Breast augmentation is usually preformed after the chest wall has been reconstructed in sever cases. The in the minor cases breast or pectoral (in male patients) implants are used to camouflage the deformity as a one stage procedure.

To view before and aftrer photos click on this link.

Correction of Inverted Nipple

For many women, having inverted nipples can be distressing. Lying flat against the breast or actually pulling in from the breast surface, they can be a source of self-consciousness and breastfeeding problems.

Inversion of the nipple is caused by a short milk duct system running from the chest wall to the nipple. Like a scar band that retracts the nipple in. Thanks to various techniques in plastic surgery, however, women with inverted nipples no longer have to live with this condition. Dr. Broujerdi can restore the nipple to a beautiful and natural, projecting appearance.

Nipple and Areolar Reduction

Nipple and/or Areola reduction is a technique used to either reshape nipples that are overly projecting or reduce the size of the areola. Some women's nipples may fold over or even hang down. This may occur during a woman's development or be a side effect of breast feeding. The procedure results in a more balanced and proportioned contour and size, making you feel more comfortable - and confident - in both your clothing and personal relationships.